LINUX

yum update异常中断问题

1、由于网络不好，导致yum命令中断，再次执行时提示
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit…

2、解决办法
rm -f /var/run/yum.pid
yum install yum-utils
yum clean all
yum-complete-transaction --cleanup-only
yum history redo last

3、安装yum-utils包时提示
There are unfinished transactions remaining. You might consider running yum-complete-transaction, or "yum-complete-transaction --cleanup-only" and "yum history redo last", first to finish them. If those don't work you'll have to try removing/installing packages by hand (maybe package-cleanup can help).
The program yum-complete-transaction is found in the yum-utils package.
以后yum-utils包要事先安装好

4、RPM数据库错误问题
事务处理完后，执行yum update还是报错：
--> 解决依赖关系完成
错误：软件包：7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.1.x86_64 (@updates)
需要：device-mapper = 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.1
正在删除: 7:device-mapper-1.02.164-7.el7_8.1.x86_64 (@updates)
device-mapper = 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.1
更新，由: 7:device-mapper-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64 (updates)
device-mapper = 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2
可用: 7:device-mapper-1.02.164-7.el7.x86_64 (base)
device-mapper = 7:1.02.164-7.el7
您可以尝试添加 --skip-broken 选项来解决该问题
** 发现 6 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题， 'yum check' 输出如下：
7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64 是 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.1.x86_64 的副本
7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64 有缺少的需求 device-mapper = ('7', '1.02.164', '7.el7_8.2')
mesa-khr-devel-18.3.4-7.el7_8.1.x86_64 是 mesa-khr-devel-18.3.4-7.el7.x86_64 的副本
mesa-libglapi-18.3.4-7.el7_8.1.x86_64 是 mesa-libglapi-18.3.4-7.el7.x86_64 的副本
systemd-219-73.el7_8.6.x86_64 是 systemd-219-73.el7_8.5.x86_64 的副本
systemd-libs-219-73.el7_8.6.x86_64 是 systemd-libs-219-73.el7_8.5.x86_64 的副本
Warning: Some duplicates were not removed because they are required by installed packages.
You can try --cleandupes with --removenewestdupes, or review them with --dupes and remove manually.

现象是本机rpm数据库里记录了某个rpm包多个版本（可能事实上只装了一个版本）

查看软件包信息，发现存在多条信息：
rpm -qa | grep systemd
systemd-libs-219-73.el7_8.6.x86_64
systemd-219-73.el7_8.6.x86_64
systemd-libs-219-73.el7_8.5.x86_64
systemd-219-73.el7_8.5.x86_64
systemd-sysv-219-73.el7_8.5.x86_64

多了两条重复的：
systemd-libs-219-73.el7_8.5.x86_64
systemd-219-73.el7_8.5.x86_64

先解决xxx是xxx的副本：
rpm -e --noscripts device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64
rpm -e --noscripts mesa-khr-devel-18.3.4-7.el7_8.1.x86_64
rpm -e --noscripts mesa-libglapi-18.3.4-7.el7_8.1.x86_64
rpm -e --noscripts systemd-219-73.el7_8.6.x86_64
rpm -e --noscripts systemd-libs-219-73.el7_8.6.x86_64

清理冲突：
package-cleanup --cleandupes

重新执行yum update，解决